• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a block-shaped paving stone comprising a top that can be driven by a vehicle, a bottom that can be placed on a substrate and a number of circumferential surfaces, in particular two longitudinal surfaces and two end surfaces, in which at least one of the circumferential surfaces, preferably each of the circumferential surfaces , comprises one or more spacers, wherein the spacers are designed in use to keep adjacent paving stones at a desired mutual distance and to form gaps between the spacers in which filling material can be arranged, and wherein each spacer is formed by a from the relevant peripheral surface protruding bulge with a flat abutment surface, wherein the one or more spacers together comprise a lower bulge extending along the entire lower edge of the respective circumferential surfaces and a number of upper bulges extending between the lower bulge and the drivable upper side.
    公开号:BE1025460B1
    申请号:E2018/5636
    申请日:2018-09-17
    公开日:2019-03-04
    发明作者:Johannes Cornelis Octavianus Martens
    申请人:H.H. Martens & Zoon B.V.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    BE2018 / 5636 BLOCKED STREETSTONE
    The invention relates to a block-shaped paving stone.
    Paving stones are used as paving in road construction. Such paving stones or clinkers can be made from baked clay or concrete. In the latter case, one also speaks of concrete paving stones. There are countless types of paving stones in circulation. The invention relates in particular to paving stones of the type that are block-shaped and which comprises a top that can be driven by a vehicle, a bottom that can be placed on a substrate and a number of circumferential surfaces, in particular two longitudinal surfaces and two end surfaces. Furthermore, at least one of the peripheral surfaces, preferably each of the peripheral surfaces, can comprise one or more spacers. The spacers can in this case be embodied such (e.g. in shape, size, positioning, and / or material) that in use, that is to say when the paving stones are placed in a certain relationship on the substrate, these spacers adjoining street paving stones at a desired mutual keep a distance (for example a distance corresponding to a joint of a desired thickness). The spacers of neighboring paving stones are, for example, placed against each other with their flat abutment surfaces so that a joint of a desired (and preferably constant) thickness is created between the paving stones. A sufficient amount of filling material (joining material), such as stabilized sand, can then be provided in the spaces between the spacers to provide the stones placed on the substrate with a certain degree of stability.
    A drawback of this known type of paving stones is that with intensive driving (in particular at places where vehicles make a turn and therefore large lateral forces are exerted on the drivable surface of the paving stones) the paving stones can tilt, causing damage.
    EP 1 335 069 A2 describes a paving stone provided with a bulge extending around the entire circumference of the stone (Fugensicherheitsabschnitt 6. The bulge has a part that is parallel to the side of the paving stone and at the top a part extending transversely thereto Furthermore, vertical protrusions which are rejuvenating in the upward direction are provided, whereby these protrusions can be placed in the interstices of an adjacent brick.
    It is an object of the invention to provide an improved paving stone with which the risk of damage due to riding is reduced. It is also an object of the invention to provide such a paving stone that is less susceptible to damage and can at the same time remain stable on a surface, even when the paving stone is being ridden intensively.
    2018/5636
    BE2018 / 5636
    This object can be at least partially achieved in a paving stone as defined in claim 1. Herein the one or more spacers of the paving stone jointly included a bottom bead extending along the entire lower edge of the respective peripheral surfaces and a number between the bottom bead and the bottom bead. drivable top thickening.
    The inventors have realized that the damage occurring with the known type of paving stones occurs in particular when, as a result of cracks in the substrate, filling material (ie joint material) in the joints extends downwards vertically down to the cracks in the subsurface can move and therefore too little filling material remains between the paving stones. If there is too little filling material, this can be at the expense of the stability so that the paving stones tend to tilt, especially in those places where the vehicles traveling over the pavement make a turn, for example at the intersection of the intersection or the like.
    A stone, for example a tile or the like, is known per se from the French document FR 2 309 670 A1, which must be broken in half. To this end, a freely visible joint is provided in any surface of the support, for example the upper surface as shown in the cross-section of Figure 1. The stone can also be broken at the bottom. Once the stone is broken in half, the side view can take on different shapes. However, the known brick is not a paving stone nor is it suitable for use as a paving stone.
    According to an aspect of the invention, the loss of filler material can be prevented by designing the paving stone with the said lower thickening. Moreover, due to the presence of both the lower and the upper thickening, it can be ensured that the dimensions of the joint between the paving stones are sufficiently large.
    Although the said lower thickening need only be formed on a limited number of circumferential surfaces of the paving stone (for example 1, 2 or 3 surfaces), the lower thickening is preferably provided on all circumferential surfaces. In a preferred embodiment, the lower bulge extends substantially uninterruptedly, over all peripheral surfaces and around the entire circumference of the paving stone.
    In advantageous embodiments, the thickenings are designed to allow the lower and upper abutment surfaces to abut against corresponding abutment surfaces of adjacent paving stones. In particular, the thickenings are designed to allow the abutment surfaces to be so closely connected to each other and to arrange the bottom thickening (uninterrupted) around the clinker in such a way that there is in principle no gap between the clinkers to allow filler material to leave the substrate bags. The abutment surfaces are thus cold against each other (i.e. without connecting piece or connecting means).
    2018/5636
    BE2018 / 5636
    Said abutment surfaces of the lower thickenings are furthermore preferably in line with the abutment surfaces of the upper thickenings and, even more preferably, the abutment surfaces extend parallel to each other (wherein all thickenings in a given circumferential surface are equally thick). This contributes to a large contact surface between the neighboring stones, so that the risk of damage to the paving stones when large (lateral) forces are exerted on it is small. The upper thickenings may be formed at offset positions as seen in the circumferential direction. As a result, spaces are created that form collection spaces in which filling material (from above) can be placed.
    The exact location and / or dimensions of the lower and upper projections in the relevant peripheral surface can still vary. In a preferred embodiment, the lower bulges extend directly from the bottom of the paving stone. In other embodiments, however, the lower bulge is positioned at some distance from the bottom of the paving stone. In all these embodiments, the thickenings preferably extend over essentially the entire circumference of the paving stone to prevent loss of filler material entirely around the paving stone.
    In order to ensure a sufficient amount of filler material along the circumference of the brick, the ratio of the width (ba) of a spacer (ie the width in the circumferential direction) and the width (bt) of the gap is between 1 and 5, preferably between 2 and 3. The upper thickenings are therefore less wide than the lower thickening. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the thickenings are designed to be tilted, but other forms of the thickenings are also possible. In further embodiments, the height (ho) of the lower thickenings extends to a maximum of 40% of the total height (hs). The height is defined here as measured from the bottom edge of the stone. As an alternative to this or in addition, the combined height (ht) of the lower and upper thickenings is up to a maximum of 80% of the total height (hs) of the paving stone. This is also done in order to be able to provide a relatively large amount of filler material in the joint.
    The upper thickenings generally have one or more corner portions (in the case of tilt-shaped thickenings, two corner portions per tilt). These corner parts are preferably slightly rounded in order to facilitate the insertion of filling material into the joint and / or to make the filling as complete as possible.
    The paving stone mentioned herein is preferably a concrete paving stone, i.e. a paving stone (clinker) made of concrete.
    According to another aspect, the invention also provides an assembly of a number of paving stones which can be placed or placed on a substrate, as defined herein. The paving stones can be embodied such that flat abutment surfaces of both the lower and upper thickenings of a first paving stone against corresponding flat abutment surfaces of the
    2018/5636
    BE2018 / 5636 lower and upper bulges of an opposite second paving stone can be placed or placed. The abutment surfaces preferably extend parallel to each other in order to realize as large a contact area as possible between the neighboring paving stones.
    The thickenings of the paving stones can further be embodied such that upper thickenings of neighboring paving stones placed against each other form one or more receiving spaces for filling material. The lower thickenings placed against each other herein form the bottom of these receiving spaces. Although a small gap can remain between the lower projections of neighboring paving stones, it is preferable to place the lower projections completely contiguous against each other. The lower thickenings then form a bottom which fully encloses a more receiving space on the underside. In the latter case, no filler material is lost, even if there are cracks in the substrate.
    Further characteristics, features and details of the invention will be elucidated with reference to the following description of some embodiments thereof. Reference is made in the description to the accompanying figures, in which:
    Figure 1A is a side perspective view of an embodiment of the paving stone described herein;
    Figure 1B is a bottom perspective view of the embodiment of Figure 1A;
    Figures 2A-2D show a top view, respectively, on a first end face, a view on a longitudinal face and a view on a second end face, opposite the first end face;
    Figures 3 and 4 show respectively schematic top views of a piece of paving that is built up from a number of paving stones in accordance with the embodiment of figures 1 and 2, in block and elbow / twill relationship, respectively; and
    Figure 5 shows a schematic top view of two paving stones laid obliquely with respect to each other on a substrate.
    As described earlier, intensive driving of a pavement section or paving that is made up of paving stones can result in damage to the pavement. This damage occurs in particular - but not only - when traffic on the pavement accelerates, brakes and / or turns. It is therefore no coincidence that much of the damage occurs at intersections of roads, especially if the roads are burdened by heavy truck traffic. Coordination of the construction with the expected axle loads and traffic movements is essential. If the axle loads and traffic movements change over time, the structure of the pavement will have to be reviewed. Furthermore, it is a role that traffic has to make short turns and there is a lot of braking at the intersections. When making a sharp turn, the tire will have to provide the grip to make the truck change direction. The sharper the turn, the greater the speed, the more grip is needed. The required grip increases quadratically with the speed and linearly with the radius of curvature of a bend. The speed (especially in the corners) in combination with braking is an important cause
    2018/5636
    BE2018 / 5636 to the occurrence of damage. This is further reinforced by the fact that at the intersections due to uneven deformation (track formation) the load on the structure increases.
    It has been found that part of this damage can be explained by the fact that intensive subsidence can cause local subsidence in the subsoil. These subsidence ensure that the filling material that is applied between the paving stones can sink into the substrate. The result is that too little filling material remains in the joints between the stones, which may increase the risk of the stones tilting and thereby the occurrence of such damage to the stones.
    Figures 1A, 1B, 2A-2D show an embodiment of a paving stone with which on the one hand a suitable distance between neighboring paving stones (and with it a filler of sufficient dimensions to be filled with a filling material) is guaranteed and otherwise filling material is prevented in the substrate can disappear. The figures show a block-shaped paving stone 1 comprising a top 2 that can be driven by a vehicle, a bottom 3 that can be placed on a substrate, and a number of circumferential surfaces, in particular a first and second longitudinal surface 6, 7 and a first and second end surface 4,5. The circumferential surfaces 4-7 may be provided with one or more spacers: two spacers 10 per longitudinal plane and one spacer 10 per end face. This number may be larger or smaller in other embodiments. Furthermore, in the embodiment shown, all spacers have more or less the same shape. In other embodiments, however, the spacers can have mutually differing shapes.
    In a particular embodiment, the paving stones are made in the cobblestone or vowel format used in Belgium (with characteristic dimensions of approximately 22 x 11 x 12 cm, but the paving stones can also be made in other dimensions.
    As shown in figures 1 and 2, each of the spacers is formed by a thickening projecting from the relevant circumferential surface with a flat side surface, here also referred to as an abutment surface because a corresponding abutment surface of an adjacent paving stone will lie against such an abutment surface. As can be seen from the figures, the thickenings of the spacers have a substantially constant thickness. In preferred embodiments of the invention, the thickness of the spacers is between 1 and 5 mm, preferably about 2 mm.
    In figures 3 and 4 the paving stones are arranged on the substrate in a block relationship and an elbow / twill band respectively. The paving stones can, of course, also be applied in a different context, for example in a semi-brick context. When the paving stones are arranged in such a relationship on the substrate, if, for example, the thickness of the spacers is 2 mm, the cavity or joint between adjacent paving stones when they are mounted on a substrate will be approximately 4 mm. For many applications in road construction, such a joint is sufficiently wide to make it possible to apply a correct amount of filler material between the perimeter walls of the paving stones.
    2018/5636
    BE2018 / 5636
    Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, the spacers are more specifically formed by a single, joint lower bead 11 and a plurality of upper bosses 12. The lower bead 11 of the spacers 10 extends along the entire lower edge 18 of all peripheral surfaces 4-7. Adjacent to the lower thickening 11, a number of upper thickenings 12 are provided (two for each longitudinal plane and one for each end face). The upper thickenings are formed at positions shifted in the circumferential direction. In the embodiment shown, the upper thickenings 12, as it were, extend in a tilted form above the circumferential lower thickening 11.
    In use, the lower thickenings 11 of adjacent paving stones 1 lie tightly against each other, such that no filling material can sink down along the lower thickenings. This prevents the filling material from being lost over time. Furthermore, the paving stones in use can be positioned relative to each other such that the upper thickenings 12 of a paving stone also lie tightly against corresponding upper thickenings of the adjacent paving stones. Because the thickenings of adjacent paving stones with their flat and parallel abutment surfaces lie tightly against each other, a number of filling material collection spaces 15 are formed between the upper thickenings 12. The walls of a collecting space 15 are formed by the side edges of two upper projections 12, while the bottom of this collecting space is formed by the lower projection 11. As a result, each of the collecting spaces is open from above (so that after laying the bricks it is easy to amount of filler material can be placed in the collection areas) and closed from below to prevent the filler material from falling into the substrate.
    In order to ensure a sufficient contact surface between adjacent paving stones and yet also a sufficient space for receiving filling material, both with the aim of providing a paving that remains stable even with intensive use, it is recommended that the lower thickening and having the upper thickenings satisfy at least one of the preferred properties to be discussed below.
    In certain embodiments, the ratio of the width (ba) of the upper bulge of the spacer to the width (bt) of the gap is between 1 and 5, preferably between 2 and 3. A further preferred feature is that the height ( ho) of the lower thickenings extend to a maximum of 40% of the total height (hs). Finally, it is advisable to have the combined height (ht) of the lower and upper thickenings extend to a maximum of 80% of the total height (hs).
    Figure 5 shows the situation in which the bricks extend on a surface in a non-parallel relationship (so somewhat obliquely, for example at an angle α between 5 and 10 degrees). This situation can occur, for example, if, in the case of
    2018/5636
    BE2018 / 5636 for example as a result of rutting, the original stones laid parallel to each other end up in an inclined position relative to each other. When the paving stones are laid obliquely relative to each other and the thickness of the spacers is small (for example 1.5 mm or thinner), the corners of the paving stones can get damaged and sometimes pieces of the stone can even break off. To avoid the risk of this, the spacers (facets) are made relatively thick, preferably with a thickness of 2 mm or more. With thick spacers, the angle α between the paving stones can increase without the upper corners pressing against each other and thus without increasing the risk of damage to the stones.
    It is clear that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments thereof described herein. The protection extends to all paving stones and to any assembly of paving stones that fall within the scope of the following claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    BE2018 / 5636 CONCLUSIONS
    Block-shaped paving stone comprising a top that can be driven by a vehicle, a bottom that can be placed on a surface and a number of circumferential surfaces, in particular two longitudinal surfaces and two end surfaces, wherein at least one of the circumferential surfaces, preferably each of the circumferential surfaces, one or more comprises spacers, wherein the spacers are designed in use to keep adjacent paving stones at a desired mutual distance and to form gaps between the spacers in which filling material can be arranged, and wherein each spacer is formed by a thickening projecting from the relevant peripheral surface with a flat abutment surface, characterized in that the one or more spacers together comprise a lower thickening extending along the entire lower edge of the respective circumferential surfaces and a number of upper thickenings extending between the lower thickening and the drivable upper side, that the lower thickening extends substantially continuous, extending over all circumferential surfaces and around the entire circumference of the paving stone, that abutment surfaces of the lower thickenings are in line with and parallel to the abutment surfaces of the upper thickenings and have a substantially constant thickness, that the interspaces between the upper projections form respective collecting spaces for collecting filling material, for example stabilized sand, and that the projections are formed to keep the collecting space open from the top and closed from the bottom.
    [2]
    Paving stone as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper thickenings are formed at positions shifted in the circumferential direction.
    [3]
    Paving stone according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the ratio of the width (ba) of the upper bulge of the spacer and the width (bt) of the gap is between 1 and 5, preferably between 2 and 3.
    [4]
    Paving stone according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the height (ho) of the lower thickenings extend to a maximum of 40% of the total height (hs).
    [5]
    Paving stone according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the combined height (ht) of the lower and upper thickenings extend to a maximum of 80% of the total height (hs).
    [6]
    Paving stone according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the paving stone is made of concrete.
    2018/5636
    BE2018 / 5636
    [7]
    Paving stone according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the bottom of the recesses provided between the upper thickenings are formed by the upper edge of the lower thickening.
    [8]
    Paving stone according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the thickenings are designed to be tilted.
    [9]
    Paving stone according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the corner parts of the upper thickenings are rounded.
    [10]
    Paving stone according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the thickenings are designed to allow the lower and upper abutment surfaces to bear against corresponding abutment surfaces of neighboring paving stones.
    [11]
    Paving stone according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the thickness of the thickenings is between 1 and 5 mm, preferably approximately 2 mm.
    [12]
    Paving stone according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the paving stone is of a type that has nominal dimensions of approximately 22 x 11 x 12 cm.
    [13]
    An assembly of a number of paving stones which can be placed or placed side by side on a surface according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the flat abutment surfaces of both the lower and upper thickenings of a first paving stone against corresponding flat abutment surfaces of the lower and upper thickenings of an opposite second paving stone can be placed or placed.
    [14]
    Assembly as claimed in claim 13, wherein the thickenings of the paving stones are designed such that upper thickenings of neighboring paving stones placed against each other form one or more collecting spaces for filling material and lower thickenings placed against each other form a bottom of these collecting spaces.
    [15]
    Assembly as claimed in claim 14, wherein the thickenings of the paving stones are designed such that lower thickenings placed against each other form a bottom which completely encloses the associated one or more receiving spaces on the underside.
    类似技术:
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    USRE16202E|1925-11-10|Boadway joint
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    US902311A|1908-10-27|Concrete construction.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    NL2019588B1|2019-03-28|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    FR2309670B1|1972-10-20|1982-08-06|Jordan Reinhard|
    DE4339816C2|1993-11-23|1997-04-24|Weber Hans Juergen|Paving stone|
    DE50205104D1|2002-02-07|2006-01-05|Kombilith Gmbh Entwicklung & Verwertung|Artificial stone for paving purposes|
    法律状态:
    2019-04-01| FG| Patent granted|Effective date: 20190304 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    NL2019588A|NL2019588B1|2017-09-20|2017-09-20|BLOCKED STREETSTONE|
    NL2019588|2017-09-20|
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